Negative Margin: Edge of a surgical specimen that is not involved with the disease process. Example: The apex of the prostate has a negative margin after radical prostatectomy (not involved with cancer).
Neoadjuvant Therapy: Additional therapy prior to the main therapy. Example: Some patients receive neoadjuvant therapy in the form of androgen deprivation therapy prior to radical prostatectomy.
Neoplasm: Tumor. Example: Prostatic adenocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm.
Nerve-sparing Radical Prostatectomy: Method of removing the prostate which preserves one or both of the neurovascular bundles in an effort to preserve erectile function.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma: Rare form of prostate cancer with poor prognosis. Synonym: Small Cell Carcinoma.
Neurovascular bundle: Collection of nerves and blood vessels at the edge of the prostate that assist with erectile function. This is an important pathway of extraprostatic cancer spread.
Nocturia: Urinary frequency at night.